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  线程
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<h1 id="创建线程的方式"><a href="#创建线程的方式" class="headerlink" title="创建线程的方式"></a>创建线程的方式</h1><h2 id="继承Thread类"><a href="#继承Thread类" class="headerlink" title="继承Thread类"></a>继承Thread类</h2><h2 id="实现Runnable接口"><a href="#实现Runnable接口" class="headerlink" title="实现Runnable接口"></a>实现Runnable接口</h2><h2 id="使用Callable和Future"><a href="#使用Callable和Future" class="headerlink" title="使用Callable和Future"></a>使用Callable和Future</h2><h2 id="使用线程池"><a href="#使用线程池" class="headerlink" title="使用线程池"></a>使用线程池</h2><h1 id="线程状态"><a href="#线程状态" class="headerlink" title="线程状态"></a>线程状态</h1><p>6个状态分别是：新建New、可运行Runnable、阻塞Blocked、等待Waiting、超时等待Timed_Waiting、终止Terminated。</p>
<p><img src="https://gitee.com/chenyy-2017/pic/raw/master/note/1623659567.png"></p>
<h2 id="新建New"><a href="#新建New" class="headerlink" title="新建New"></a><strong>新建New</strong></h2><p>线程对象创建之后、启动之前的状态。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Thread t = new Thread();</span><br><span class="line">t.getState(); // New</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h2 id="可运行Runnable"><a href="#可运行Runnable" class="headerlink" title="可运行Runnable"></a><strong>可运行Runnable</strong></h2><p>调用start方法后，线程就会进入就绪状态。分配到CPU时间片，线程才会被执行。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Thread t = new Thread();</span><br><span class="line">t.start(); // Runnable</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h3 id="线程中start和run方法区别"><a href="#线程中start和run方法区别" class="headerlink" title="线程中start和run方法区别"></a><strong>线程中start和run方法区别</strong></h3><p>start方法可启动多线程。run方法只是thread的一个普通方法调用，还是在主线程里执行，是不会开启多线程的。</p>
<p>1、用start方法来启动线程，真正实现了多线程运行，这时无需等待run方法体代码执行完毕而直接继续执行下面的代码。此时处于可运行状态Runnable，但是并不一定真正在运行，只有得到cpu时间片，才开始执行run()方法。</p>
<p>2、这里方法run()称为线程体，它包含了要执行的这个线程的内容，run方法运行结束，此线程随即终止。</p>
<h2 id="阻塞Blocked"><a href="#阻塞Blocked" class="headerlink" title="阻塞Blocked"></a><strong>阻塞Blocked</strong></h2><p>当线程要进入临界区的时候，会发生阻塞。</p>
<p>如果有多个线程到了临界区，那么都会进入Blocked状态，由调度器选一个来执行，随后转为Runnable状态。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    void run() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        synchronized (lock) &#123; // Blocked</span><br><span class="line">            // dothings</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; </span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h2 id="等待Waiting"><a href="#等待Waiting" class="headerlink" title="等待Waiting"></a><strong>等待Waiting</strong></h2><p>代码调用了wait，join方法后，线程进入等待队列，同时释放锁和资源，等待其他线程将其唤醒。</p>
<p>如果线程A需要完成一些事情，但是这些事情必须要满足某些条件才能继续，这时就可以使用这个waiting状态，条件未满足前，进入waiting状态，等条件满足了，再来唤醒当前等待线程，继续执行。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    void run() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        synchronized (lock) &#123; // Blocked</span><br><span class="line">            // dothings</span><br><span class="line">            while (!condition) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                lock.wait(); // into Waiting</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; </span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h2 id="超时等待Timed-Waiting"><a href="#超时等待Timed-Waiting" class="headerlink" title="超时等待Timed_Waiting"></a><strong>超时等待Timed_Waiting</strong></h2><p>Thread.sleep触发后，进入Timed_waiting状态，倒计时结束再进入Runnable状态。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    void run() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        Thread.sleep(1000); // Timed_waiting</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h2 id="终止Terminated"><a href="#终止Terminated" class="headerlink" title="终止Terminated"></a><strong>终止Terminated</strong></h2><p>终结状态，当线程的所有代码都被执行完毕后，会进入到这个状态。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">public static void main(String[] args) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  Object lock = new Object();</span><br><span class="line">  Boolean condition = false;</span><br><span class="line">  Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    @SneakyThrows</span><br><span class="line">    @Override</span><br><span class="line">    public void run() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">      Thread t = Thread.currentThread();</span><br><span class="line">      synchronized (lock) &#123; // Blocked</span><br><span class="line">        // dothings</span><br><span class="line">        while (!condition) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">          System.out.println(t.getName()+&quot; into Waiting&quot;);</span><br><span class="line">          lock.wait(); // into Waiting</span><br><span class="line">          System.out.println(t.getName()+&quot; reRun&quot;);</span><br><span class="line">          break;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">      &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">  System.out.println(t1.getName()+t1.getState()); // New</span><br><span class="line">  t1.start(); // Runnable</span><br><span class="line">  System.out.println(t1.getName()+t1.getState()); // Runnable</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    @SneakyThrows</span><br><span class="line">    @Override</span><br><span class="line">    public void run() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">      Thread.sleep(3000); // Timed_waiting</span><br><span class="line">      synchronized (lock) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        lock.notify();</span><br><span class="line">      &#125;</span><br><span class="line">      // notify方法会随机叫醒一个处于wait状态的线程</span><br><span class="line">      //notify();</span><br><span class="line">      // notifyAll叫醒所有的处于wait线程，争夺到时间片的线程只有一个</span><br><span class="line">      //notifyAll();</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">  System.out.println(t2.getName()+t2.getState()); // New</span><br><span class="line">  t2.start(); // Runnable</span><br><span class="line">  System.out.println(t2.getName()+t2.getState()); //Runnable</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">输出：</span><br><span class="line">Thread-1 NEW</span><br><span class="line">Thread-1 RUNNABLE</span><br><span class="line">Thread-1 into Waiting</span><br><span class="line">Thread-2 NEW</span><br><span class="line">Thread-2 RUNNABLE</span><br><span class="line">Thread-1 reRun</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>







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    <!-- Slides wrapper with overflow:hidden. -->
    <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap">

        <!-- Container that holds slides. 
            PhotoSwipe keeps only 3 of them in the DOM to save memory.
            Don't modify these 3 pswp__item elements, data is added later on. -->
        <div class="pswp__container">
            <div class="pswp__item"></div>
            <div class="pswp__item"></div>
            <div class="pswp__item"></div>
        </div>

        <!-- Default (PhotoSwipeUI_Default) interface on top of sliding area. Can be changed. -->
        <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden">

            <div class="pswp__top-bar">

                <!--  Controls are self-explanatory. Order can be changed. -->

                <div class="pswp__counter"></div>

                <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" title="Close (Esc)"></button>

                <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--share" style="display:none" title="Share"></button>

                <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--fs" title="Toggle fullscreen"></button>

                <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--zoom" title="Zoom in/out"></button>

                <!-- Preloader demo http://codepen.io/dimsemenov/pen/yyBWoR -->
                <!-- element will get class pswp__preloader--active when preloader is running -->
                <div class="pswp__preloader">
                    <div class="pswp__preloader__icn">
                        <div class="pswp__preloader__cut">
                            <div class="pswp__preloader__donut"></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="pswp__share-modal pswp__share-modal--hidden pswp__single-tap">
                <div class="pswp__share-tooltip"></div>
            </div>

            <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--left" title="Previous (arrow left)">
            </button>

            <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--right" title="Next (arrow right)">
            </button>

            <div class="pswp__caption">
                <div class="pswp__caption__center"></div>
            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

</div>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/photoswipe.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/default-skin/default-skin.min.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/photoswipe.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/photoswipe-ui-default.min.js"></script>

<script>
    function viewer_init() {
        let pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0];
        let $imgArr = document.querySelectorAll(('.article-entry img:not(.reward-img)'))

        $imgArr.forEach(($em, i) => {
            $em.onclick = () => {
                // slider展开状态
                // todo: 这样不好，后面改成状态
                if (document.querySelector('.left-col.show')) return
                let items = []
                $imgArr.forEach(($em2, i2) => {
                    let img = $em2.getAttribute('data-idx', i2)
                    let src = $em2.getAttribute('data-target') || $em2.getAttribute('src')
                    let title = $em2.getAttribute('alt')
                    // 获得原图尺寸
                    const image = new Image()
                    image.src = src
                    items.push({
                        src: src,
                        w: image.width || $em2.width,
                        h: image.height || $em2.height,
                        title: title
                    })
                })
                var gallery = new PhotoSwipe(pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default, items, {
                    index: parseInt(i)
                });
                gallery.init()
            }
        })
    }
    viewer_init()
</script>

<!-- MathJax -->

<!-- Katex -->

<!-- busuanzi  -->


<script src="/js/busuanzi-2.3.pure.min.js"></script>


<!-- ClickLove -->

<!-- ClickBoom1 -->

<!-- ClickBoom2 -->

<!-- CodeCopy -->


<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/clipboard.css">

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/clipboard@2/dist/clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script>
  function wait(callback, seconds) {
    var timelag = null;
    timelag = window.setTimeout(callback, seconds);
  }
  !function (e, t, a) {
    var initCopyCode = function(){
      var copyHtml = '';
      copyHtml += '<button class="btn-copy" data-clipboard-snippet="">';
      copyHtml += '<i class="ri-file-copy-2-line"></i><span>COPY</span>';
      copyHtml += '</button>';
      $(".highlight .code pre").before(copyHtml);
      $(".article pre code").before(copyHtml);
      var clipboard = new ClipboardJS('.btn-copy', {
        target: function(trigger) {
          return trigger.nextElementSibling;
        }
      });
      clipboard.on('success', function(e) {
        let $btn = $(e.trigger);
        $btn.addClass('copied');
        let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
        $icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
        $icon.addClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
        let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
        $span[0].innerText = 'COPIED';
        
        wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
          $icon.removeClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
          $icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
          $span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
        }, 2000);
      });
      clipboard.on('error', function(e) {
        e.clearSelection();
        let $btn = $(e.trigger);
        $btn.addClass('copy-failed');
        let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
        $icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
        $icon.addClass('ri-time-line');
        let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
        $span[0].innerText = 'COPY FAILED';
        
        wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
          $icon.removeClass('ri-time-line');
          $icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
          $span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
        }, 2000);
      });
    }
    initCopyCode();
  }(window, document);
</script>


<!-- CanvasBackground -->


    
  </div>
</body>

</html>